Table 3. Summaries of statistical models testing for effects of developmental treatments on stress response (CORT) variables.

Outcome	Fixed predictors	B	s.e. (B)	LRT	p-value
Baseline CORT	Age point	0.48	0.38	1.61	0.20
	Amount	0.03	0.26	0.02	0.90
	Effort	−0.06	0.26	0.05	0.81
	Amount × Effort	0.11	0.19	0.33	0.57
	Amount × Age point	−0.13	0.37	0.11	0.74
	Effort × Age point	−0.02	0.38	0.00	0.97
Peak CORT	Baseline CORT	1.06	0.51	4.00	0.05*
	Age point	−6.69	1.59	15.43	<0.001*
	Amount	1.40	1.10	1.62	0.20
	Effort	1.17	1.10	1.13	0.29
	Amount × Effort	−0.41	0.78	0.27	0.60
	Amount × Age point	−1.34	1.57	0.73	0.39
	Effort × Age point	−2.18	1.57	1.90	0.17
ΔCORT	CORT 15 min	−0.58	0.07	38.71	<0.001*
	Age point	−2.77	1.03	6.58	0.01*
	Amount	−0.53	0.69	0.59	0.44
	Effort	1.37	0.67	3.99	0.05*
	Amount × Effort	0.24	0.48	0.24	0.62
	Amount × Age point	0.50	0.96	0.26	0.61
	Effort × Age point	−2.55	0.95	6.68	0.01*

Notes:

All models contain random effects of bird nested within natal family.

LRT, likelihood ratio test.

^*p < 0.05.