Table 2.
Comparison of patients' characteristics of survivors and non-survivors in AE-IPF
| Survivors (n=29) | Non-survivors (n=35) | P values | |
| Gender (Male) | 25 (86.2) | 29 (82.9) | 1.00 |
| Age at AE-IPF (years) | 76.6±5.3 | 76.1±8.1 | 0.78 |
| Smoking status (current/ex/non) | 2/26/1 | 5/27/3 | 0.42 |
| Comorbid lung cancer | 4 (13.8) | 12 (34.3) | 0.08 |
| Home oxygen therapy | 13 (44.8) | 13 (37.1) | 0.39 |
| Pulmonary function test | |||
| VC | 2.2±0.9 (n=17) | 1.9±0.7 (n=18) | 0.44 |
| %VC | 66.0±19.8 (n=17) | 59.1±18.1 (n=18) | 0.29 |
| FVC | 2.0±0.6 (n=19) | 2.0±0.7 (n=20) | 0.83 |
| FVC | 66.2±22.6 (n=19) | 62.7±19.4 (n=20) | 0.60 |
| FEV1 | 1.7±0.7 n=19 | 1.7±0.6 n=20 | 0.94 |
| Treatments before AE-IPF | |||
| Corticosteroid | 7 (24.1) | 9 (25.7) | 0.88 |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 1 (3.4) | 1 (2.9) | 1.00 |
| Anti-fibrotic therapy | 3 (10.3) | 5 (14.3) | 0.72 |
| PPI or H2B | 8 (27.6) | 11 (31.4) | 0.74 |
| Vital signs | |||
| PaO2/FiO2 | 220.7±100.0 (n=21) | 164.2±139.5 (n=25) | 0.13 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 132.0±23.6 | 124.7±22.2 | 0.21 |
| Pulse (/min) | 98.1±18.7 | 98.2±22.8 | 0.98 |
| Body temperature (°C) | 37.0±0.6 | 36.9±0.6 | 0.41 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| WBC (/µL) | 9511.7±3365.0 | 12371.4±4989.5 | 0.01 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 13.5±1.8 | 12.0±2.1 | 0.003 |
| Plt (×104/µL) | 22.4±8.7 | 24.3±8.6 | 0.38 |
| TP (g/dL) | 7.3±0.9 | 7.1±1.0 | 0.29 |
| LDH (U/L) | 355.2±110.0 | 410.0±200.8 | 0.19 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 16.3±7.3 | 22.0±16.8 | 0.10 |
| Cre (mg/dL) | 0.8±0.3 | 0.9±0.8 | 0.36 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 7.2±6.5 | 12.5±8.1 | 0.006 |
| KL-6 (U/mL) | 1606.6±123.4 (n=26) | 1278.2±786.7 (n=32) | 0.22 |
| SP-D (ng/mL) | 311.9±206.6 (n=22) | 434.8±480.1 (n=23) | 0.27 |
| Treatments after AE-IPF | |||
| Intravenous high-dose steroids | 18 (62.1) | 24 (68.6) | 0.59 |
| Antibiotic therapy | 20 (69.0) | 32 (91.4) | 0.03 |
| Azithromycin | 7 (24.1) | 5 (14.3) | 0.35 |
| Length of survival time, median (days) (range) | NE | 24 (2–119) | NE |
Data are presented as a number (%) or mean±SD unless otherwise specified.
AE-IPF, acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRP, C reactive protein; Cre, creatinine; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; H2B, H2 blocker; Hb, haemoglobin; KL-6, Krebs von den Lungen-6; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NE, not evaluable; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; Plt, platelets; SP-D, surfactant protein D; TP, total protein; VC, vital capacity; WBC, white blood cell count.