Table 3.
Prevalence of periodontal disease among COPD subjects and age- and sex-matched non-COPD controls according to comorbidities and oral health variables
| Variable | Category | COPD, N (%) | No COPD, N (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-rated healtha,b | Very good/good | 185 (20.2) | 276 (19.1) | 0.090 |
| Fair/poor/very poor | 530 (29.7) | 324 (25.9) | 0.027 | |
| Diabetesa | No | 577 (25.5) | 526 (22.1) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 138 (31.5) | 74 (23.2) | 0.134 | |
| Hypertension and/or heart disease | No | 378 (25.2) | 365 (21.7) | 0.039 |
| Yes | 337 (28.1) | 235 (23.1) | <0.001 | |
| Osteoporosisa | No | 583 (25.6) | 528 (21.8) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 132 (31.4) | 72 (26.0) | 0.244 | |
| Cancer | No | 663 (26.4) | 561 (21.9) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 52 (27.7) | 39 (28.3) | 0.571 | |
| Mental disordersa,b | No | 422 (23.2) | 428 (19.7) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 293 (33.4) | 172 (32.6) | 0.072 | |
| Self-reported cariesa,b | No | 364 (18.8) | 342 (16.9) | 0.007 |
| Yes | 351 (45.8) | 258 (38.3) | 0.362 | |
| Self-reported extraction of teetha,b | No | 58 (18.0) | 44 (11.5) | 0.808 |
| Yes | 657 (27.7) | 556 (24.0) | <0.001 | |
| Self-reported dental fillinga,b | No | 281 (23.4) | 232 (19.7) | 0.115 |
| Yes | 434 (29.0) | 368 (24.2) | 0.002 | |
| Self-reported missing teetha,b | No | 184 (18.1) | 162 (14.2) | 0.076 |
| Yes | 531 (31.6) | 438 (28.1) | 0.017 | |
| Self-reported keeping all natural teetha,b | No | 686 (27.3) | 568 (23.1) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 29 (15.9) | 32 (13.6) | 0.530 |
Notes: P-value: significant differences (P<0.05) between COPD sufferers and non-COPD sufferers for periodontal disease. Comparisons conducted using conditional logistic regression.
a
Significant association (P<0.05) between the variable and periodontal disease among COPD sufferers. Comparisons conducted using Fisher’s exact test.
b
Significant association (P<0.05) between the variable and periodontal disease among non-COPD sufferers. Comparisons conducted using Fisher’s exact test.
Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.