Cytotoxic and cell cycle-altering effects of curcumin on RN5 cells. (A) Effects of curcumin on the viability of RN5 cells. RN5 cells were treated with curcumin at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 or 50 µM for 72 h. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. **P<0.01 vs. the 1 µM (log value, 0) curcumin group. (B) Effects of cisplatin on the viability of RN5 cells. RN5 cells were treated with cisplatin at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 or 50 µM for 72 h. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. **P<0.01 vs. the 0.25 µM (log value, −0.602) cisplatin group. (C) Cell cycle analysis of RN5 cells treated with curcumin (15, 20 and 25 µM) and cisplatin (30 µM) for 24 h. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviation from three independent experiments. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. the DMSO group. DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide.