Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Subjects with and without Diagnosis of Hypertension
| Non-HTN Subjects | HTN Subjects | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | (N=1073) | (N=477) | P Valuea |
| Age, y | 62 ± 10 | 67 ± 10 | <.001 |
| Female Gender, n (%) | 615 (57%) | 270 (57%) | .92 |
| Aldosterone, ng/dL, median (min, max) | 4.10 (2.5, 51.1) | 6.40 (1.7, 91.0) | <.001 |
| Aldo in tertiles, n (%) | <.001 | ||
| 1 | 400 (37%) | 114 (24%) | |
| 2 | 393 (37%) | 128 (27%) | |
| 3 | 280 (26%) | 235 (49%) | |
| ANP, pg/ml | 11.10 (7.40, 15.70) | 13.40 (8.60, 19.40) | .01 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28 ± 5 | 30 ± 6 | <.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 287 (27%) | 213 (45%) | <.001 |
| Waist circumference > 102 cm in males, > 88 cm in females, n (%) | 303 (28%) | 213 (45%) | <.001 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 129 ± 20 | 143 ± 23 | <.001 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 72 ± 10 | 75 ± 11 | <.001 |
| Total Cholesterol, mg/dl | 205 ± 37 | 200 ± 35 | .03 |
| HDL Cholesterol, mg/dl | 47 ± 15 | 45 ± 15 | .40 |
| LDL Cholesterol, mg/dl | 129 ± 33 | 123 ± 31 | .007 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 143 ± 83 | 156 ± 93 | .10 |
| Calculated GFR, mL/min, (MDRD formula) | 82.32 ± 16.95 | 74.62 ± 20.29 | <.001 |
| CKD, n (%) | 117 (11%) | 119 (25%) | <.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.80 (0.70, 0.90) | 0.90 (0.70, 1.00) | <.001 |
| Insulin, μU/mL | 4.70 (3.40, 7.30) | 6.70 (4.40, 10.00) | <.001 |
| Serum Glucose, mg/dL | 92 (87, 99) | 97 (90, 105) | .001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 58 (5%) | 69 (14%) | <.001 |
| Metabolic Syndrome, n (%) | 179 (17%) | 154 (32%) | .001 |
| Current/Former Smoker, n (%) | 538 (50%) | 213 (45%) | .20 |
| Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter, n (%) | 47 (4%) | 37 (8%) | .40 |
| Coronary Artery Disease, n (%) | 107 (10%) | 98 (21%) | .002 |
| Heart Failure, n (%) | 13 (1%) | 28 (6%) | <.001 |
| Myocardial Infarction, n (%) | 34 (3%) | 43 (9%) | .003 |
| CVA, n (%) | 13 (1%) | 18 (4%) | .01 |
| Antilipemic Therapy, n (%) | 153 (14%) | 128 (27%) | <.001 |
| Anti-HTN Therapy, n (%) | 174 (16%) | 418 (88%) | <.001 |
| EF< 40%, n (%) | 8 (1%) | 16 (3%) | .01 |
| LVH, n(%) | 242 (28%) | 177 (49%) | <.001 |
| cLVH, n(%) | 118 (14%) | 120 (34%) | <.001 |
| Diastolic Dysfunction, n (%) | <.001 | ||
| No | 747 (77%) | 207 (50%) | |
| Mild | 167 (17%) | 148 (35%) | |
| Mod/Severe | 56 (6%) | 62 (15%) |
a
Age-sex-body mass index adjusted P value. Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (first quartile − third quartile). BMI= body mass index, ANP= atrial natriuretic peptide, HDL= high density lipoprotein, LDL= low density lipoprotein, GFR= glomerular filtration rate, MDRD= Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (formula), CKD= chronic kidney disease, CVA = cerebrovascular accident, Anti-HTN= anti-hypertensive, EF= ejection fraction, LVH= left ventricular hypertrophy, cLVH= concentric LVH