Table 9.
Estimated Impacts of Treatment on Annual Consumption and Household Labour Income
| Consumption categories | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Durables | Non-durables | Food | Health | Education | Temptation goods | Festivals and celebrations | Other labour income | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | |
| Panel A: Full sample | |||||||||
| Treatment | 1957 (1206) |
−202 (127) |
2159* (1170) |
1667* (851) |
−13 (46) |
−91 (102) |
152** (73) |
−312 (561) |
−344 1035 |
| Control group mean | 50,728 | 1175 | 49,552 | 28,969 | 1092 | 1241 | 1345 | 9694 | 28,253 |
| Number of clients | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 | 5353 |
| Hochberg p-value | 0.212 | ||||||||
| Panel B: Business owners at baseline | |||||||||
| Treatment | 2458 (1671) |
−313 (218) |
2771* (1614) |
1340 1084 |
−17 (51) |
−101 (155) |
170* (92) |
−33 (701) |
−1138 (1523) |
| Control group mean | 51,624 | 1329 | 50,295 | 29,729 | 1093 | 1262 | 1321 | 9608 | 26,386 |
| Number of clients | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 | 2149 |
| Hochberg p-value | 0.286 | ||||||||
| Panel C: Business owners at baseline, business started before SKS entry | |||||||||
| Treatment | 478 (1650) |
−555** (241) |
1033 (1588) |
−65 1007 |
20 (54) |
−59 (121) |
160 (100) |
67 (775) |
−687 (1670) |
| Control group mean | 51,935 | 1369 | 50,566 | 30,033 | 1070 | 1188 | 1339 | 9381 | 25,836 |
| Number of clients | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 | 1715 |
| Hochberg p-value | 0.772 | ||||||||
| Panel D: Business owners at baseline, business started after SKS entry | |||||||||
| Treatment | 9516*** (3071) |
605 (463) |
8911*** (3011) |
5718*** 2085 |
−52 (110) |
−190 (623) |
331* (169) |
−21 1968 |
−3397 (3664) |
| Control group mean | 49,822 | 1188 | 48,634 | 28,350 | 1130 | 1691 | 1089 | 10,913 | 29,463 |
| Number of clients | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 | 392 |
| Hochberg p-value | 0.007 | ||||||||
| Panel E: Non business owners at baseline | |||||||||
| Treatment | 955 (1341) |
−220 (155) |
1174 (1305) |
1594* (958) |
−30 (61) |
−122 (129) |
171* (102) |
−823 (759) |
514 (1251) |
| Control group mean | 50,473 | 1097 | 49,376 | 28,572 | 1091 | 1250 | 1349 | 9792 | 29,734 |
| Number of clients | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 | 3071 |
| Hochberg p-value | 0.693 | ||||||||
Notes
Each column reports the estimated impact of treatment (imposing the insurance requirement) on the indicated outcome variable from the endline survey. Panel B limits the sample to business owners at baseline, panel C restricts the sample to business owners at baseline whose businesses started before the entry of SKS in the business owner’s village (using the date of the first loan as reported in the administrative data), panel D restricts the sample to business owners at baseline whose business started after the entry of SKS, and panel E restricts the sample to non business owners at baseline. The outcome variables reflect total household consumption over the previous year, where columns (4)–(7) are monthly measures multiplied by 12. Other labour income in column (9) sums earnings from salaried jobs and daily labour. All regressions control for the randomization stratification groups (SKS branch and above/below median number of clients within branch), and robust standard errors clustered by village are reported in parentheses.
The Hochberg p-value reflects the statistical significance of the treatment effect on total consumption, adjusting for multiple hypothesis testing across the three summary outcomes (business, consumption, social impacts) in Tables 7, 9 and 11.
denote statistical significance at the 1%, 5%, 10% level, respectively.