Table 2.
Distribution of characteristics by multiple cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) status and metabolic syndrome (MetS) status at index visit, stratified by BMI categories. % (N) or Median [IQR]*
| Variable | Normal BMI | Overweight | Obese | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 2 CMRFs | ≥2 CMRFs | P Valuea | < 2 CMRFs | ≥2 CMRFs (MetS) | P Valuea | < 2 CMRFs | ≥2 CMRFs (MetS) | P Valuea | |
| N | 397 | 163 | 67 | 45 | 51 | 76 | |||
| N of unique ID | 269 | 128 | 55 | 38 | 42 | 55 | |||
| Age at index visit | 11.27 [8.27, 14.44] | 10.73 [7.87, 13.37] | 0.200 | 11.90 [9.03, 14.76] | 13.22 [10.01, 14.32] | 0.386 | 11.57 [9.15, 14.65] | 12.83 [9.86, 15.63] | 0.165 |
| Years since CKD onset at index visit | 10.32 [7.32, 13.56] | 9.58 [7.02, 12.48] | 0.185 | 9.42 [6.40, 12.11] | 10.78 [8.19, 13.70] | 0.086 | 9.32 [5.16, 12.04] | 9.96 [6.36, 14.09] | 0.264 |
| Male | 61% (242) | 67% (109) | 0.189 | 52% (35) | 73% (33) | 0.025 | 63% (32) | 67% (51) | 0.613 |
| Black Race | 17% (68) | 12% (20) | 0.151 | 22% (15) | 16% (7) | 0.372 | 31% (16) | 22% (17) | 0.257 |
| Household income < $36,000 | 36% (144) | 34% (56) | 0.667 | 33% (22) | 62% (28) | 0.002 | 41% (21) | 46% (35) | 0.587 |
| Maternal education: college or more | 34% (133) | 31% (50) | 0.517 | 31% (21) | 27% (12) | 0.595 | 20% (10) | 28% (21) | 0.302 |
| Glomerular diagnosis | 10% (39) | 16% (26) | 0.040 | 25% (17) | 16% (7) | 0.214 | 27% (14) | 28% (21) | 0.982 |
| eGFR (mL/min|1.73m2) | 50.5 [40.0, 63.5] | 44.7 [33.2, 57.7] | <0.001 | 58.8 [43.9, 75.0] | 47.6 [38.3, 57.2] | 0.001 | 60.3 [46.8, 70.8] | 51.3 [41.3, 62.4] | 0.033 |
| Urine protein creatinine ratio | 0.23 [0.09, 0.68] | 0.35 [0.16, 0.75] | 0.004 | 0.24 [0.08, 0.73] | 0.56 [0.20, 1.13] | 0.008 | 0.17 [0.09, 0.53] | 0.47 [0.11, 1.16] | 0.002 |
| Currently taking corticosteroid (systemic) | 1.5% (6) | 4.3% (7) | 0.047 | 6.0% (4) | 2.2% (1) | 0.346 | 3.9% (2) | 9.2% (7) | 0.255 |
| High triglycerides | 17% (68) | 86% (140) | <0.001 | 31% (21) | 87% (39) | <0.001 | 27% (14) | 91% (69) | <0.001 |
| Low HDL cholesterol | 1% (4) | 23% (38) | <0.001 | 0% (0) | 44% (20) | <0.001 | 0% (0) | 39% (30) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 38% (150) | 82% (134) | <0.001 | 31% (21) | 76% (34) | <0.001 | 49% (25) | 83% (63) | <0.001 |
| High glucose | 5% (18) | 36% (59) | <0.001 | 7% (5) | 24% (11) | 0.012 | 0% (0) | 30% (23) | <0.001 |
*
Those who were overweight or obese, ≥ 2 CMRFs were classified as having MetS; those with normal BMI, ≥ 2 CMRFs were defined as having multiple CMRFs.
a
P values compared to children in each BMI group with < 2 CMRFs.