. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 28.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Res. 2018 Apr 26;84(3):380–386. doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0039-3

Table 3.

Descriptive Statistics and Adjusted Associations between each Curiosity Question and Academic Achievement in Reading and Math at Kindergarten

Curiosity Question (range 1–5)	Mean (SD)	Reading b (SE)	Math b (SE)
Shows eagerness to learn new things	4.4 (1.0)	0.09 (0.02)^***	0.10 (0.02)^***
Appropriately uses a variety of words to describe feelings	4.1 (1.1)	0.08 (0.01)^***	0.07 (0.01)^***
Easily adjusts to a new situation	3.7 (1.3)	0.04 (0.02)^*	0.07 (0.01)^***
Likes to try new things	4.1 (1.2)	−0.02 (0.02)	−0.03 (0.01)
Shows imagination in work and play	4.4 (0.9)	0.004 (0.02)	−0.007 (0.02)

Analyses included effortful control and the following covariates: maternal age, race/ethnicity, marital status, SES, child age, sex, gestational age, birthweight, previous preschool experience, and trimester of school at kindergarten timepoint. b coefficients are standardized betas.

p < .05

^**

p< .01

^***

p<.001