Figure 9. OMVs functionality in vaccination and drug delivery.
Left: A. Natural derived OMVs vaccine formulas, including OMVs alone, OMVs combined with adjuvants, OMVs combined with bacterial antigens and AuNPs loaded OMVs; B. Bioengineered OMVs vaccine formula. Bacterial antigens are expressed as fusion proteins with outer membrane proteins located on the outer membrane surface of OMVs; Right: A. Directing enzyme packing delivery systems for packing PTE enzymes in OMVs; B. siRNA loaded bioengineered OMVs in cancer therapy.