Table 2.
Hazard ratios of culture conversion
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Categories | n | Hazard ratio (95%CI) | P value | Hazard ratio (95%CI) | P value |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 35 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Female | 50 | 1.93 (1.05–3.54) | 0.03 | 1.78 (0.84–3.77) | 0.13 |
| Age, years | |||||
| ≤40 | 71 | Reference | Reference | ||
| >40 | 14 | 0.48 (0.20–1.14) | 0.10 | 0.36 (0.11–1.15) | 0.09 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| 18.5–24.9 | 22 | Reference | |||
| <18.5 | 53 | 0.87 (0.46–1.64) | 0.67 | ||
| ≥25 | 4 | 0.75 (0.17–3.29) | 0.7 | ||
| Smear grading at baseline | |||||
| 3+ (>9 AFB/HPF) | 18 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2+ (1–9 AFB/HPF) | 13 | 1.3 (0.46–3.75) | 0.62 | 2.09 (0.63–7.01) | 0.23 |
| 1 + (10–99 AFB/100 HPF) | 42 | 1.09 (0.47–2.53) | 0.84 | 0.99 (0.34–2.87) | 0.99 |
| Scanty (1–9 AFB/100 HPF) | 4 | 1.15 (0.23–5.64) | 0.87 | 6.96 (0.83–58.0) | 0.07 |
| Negative | 5 | 5.04 (1.26–20.1) | 0.02 | 6.8 (1.37–33.6) | 0.02 |
| Number of first-line drugs to which isolate is resistant | |||||
| 5 drugs | 14 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 4 drugs | 16 | 1.02 (0.38–2.74) | 0.97 | 1.35 (0.41–4.39) | 0.62 |
| 3 drugs | 38 | 0.98 (0.42–2.31) | 0.97 | 1.56 (0.55–4.39) | 0.40 |
| 2 drugs | 17 | 0.75 (0.66–4.64) | 0.26 | 2.66 (0.80–8.80) | 0.11 |
| Prior second-line drugs | |||||
| Not received | 74 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Received | 11 | 0.39 (0.12–1.24) | 0.11 | 0.20 (0.05–0.92) | 0.04 |
| Pattern of lung lesion | |||||
| Non-consolidative | 64 | Reference | |||
| Consolidative | 21 | 1.25 (0.66–2.39) | 0.49 | ||
| Extent of lung lesion | |||||
| Unilateral | 36 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Bilateral | 49 | 0.92 (0.52–1.64) | 0.79 | 1.00 (0.49–2.04) | 0.99 |
| Cavitation | |||||
| No cavitation | 51 | Reference | Reference | 0.29 | |
| Cavitation | 34 | 0.66 (0.36–1.22) | 0.19 | 0.68 (0.34–1.38) | |
| Diabetes | |||||
| RBS <200 mg/dl | 77 | Reference | Reference | ||
| RBS >200 mg/dl + symptoms | 8 | 1.54 (0.65–3.64) | 0.32 | 3.05 (0.97–9.60) | 0.06 |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never smoked | 78 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Current smoker | 6 | 0.20 (0.05–0.83) | 0.03 | 0.08 (0.01–0.49) | 0.006 |
| Former Smoker | 1 | 0.89 (0.12–6.49) | 0.91 | 0.94 (0.10–9.02) | 0.96 |
| Fluoroquinolone resistance | |||||
| Susceptible | 62 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Resistant | 23 | 0.58 (0.28–1.21) | 0.14 | 0.47 (0.19–1.16) | 0.10 |
| Delay in treatment from diagnosis | |||||
| <3 months | 41 | Reference | |||
| ≥3 months | 44 | 0.63 (0.35–1.15) | 0.13 | ||
*
Multivariate model includes categories that had P < 0.20 using the backward stepwise method and those that were known to be independently associated with culture conversion.
CI = confidence interval; BMI = body mass index; AFB = acid-fast bacilli; HPF = high-power field; RBS = random blood sugar.