Table 1.
Variables associated with Burnout, depression and anxiety in a sample of oncologists from a large Brazilian cancer hospital
| Variable | Burnout | Depression | Anxiety | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes N (%) |
No N (%) |
P | Yes N (%) |
No N (%) |
P | Yes N (%) |
No N (%) |
P | |
| Physician characteristics | |||||||||
| Age in years; median (P25-P75) | 33 (30–39) | 37 (31–42) | 0.008* | 34 (30–41) | 32.5 (30–38.2) | 0.145* | 34 (30–41) | 34.5 (31–39) | 0.803* |
| Gender (male) | 77 (58.3) | 66 (69.5) | 0.096 | 10 (35.7) | 133 (66.8) | 0.003 | 17 (38.6) | 126 (68.9) | < 0.001 |
| Income (Brazilian reais) | 0.075 | 0.059 | 0.308 | ||||||
| < 10.999 | 49 (37.1) | 24 (25.3) | 11 (39.3) | 62 (31.2) | 14 (31.8) | 59 (32.2) | |||
| 11.000–19.999 | 20 (15.2) | 11 (11.6) | 7 (25.0) | 24 (12.0) | 9 (20.5) | 22 (12.0) | |||
| > 20.000 | 63 (47.7) | 60 (63.2) | 10 (35.7) | 113 (56.8) | 21 (47.7) | 102 (55.7) | |||
| Optimistic personality (no vs. yes) | 0.032 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Optimist | 68 (51.5) | 63 (66.3) | 8 (28.6) | 123 (61.8) | 15 (34.0) | 116 (63.4) | |||
| Neither optimist nor pessimist | 53 (40.2) | 30 (31.6) | 15 (53.6) | 68 (34.2) | 24 (54.5) | 59 (32.2) | |||
| Pessimist | 11 (8.3) | 2 (2.1) | 5 (17.9) | 8 (4.0) | 5 (11.4) | 8 (4.4) | |||
| Psychological/psychiatric antecedents | 4 (3.0) | 5 (5.3) | 0.497 | 2 (7.1) | 7 (3.5) | 0.307 | 5 (11.4) | 4 (2.2) | 0.015 |
| MSc./PhD | 32 (24.2) | 32 (33.7) | 0.136 | 2 (7.1) | 62 (31.2) | 0.007 | 34 (77.3) | 129 (70.5) | 0.457 |
| Resident/fellow | 57 (43.2) | 31 (32.6) | 0.129 | 12 (42.9) | 76 (38.2) | 0.681 | 16 (36.4) | 72 (39.3) | 0.863 |
| Married | 76 (57.6) | 64 (67.4) | 0.166 | 13 (46.4) | 127 (63.8) | 0.097 | 22 (50.0) | 114 (62.3) | 0.731 |
| Have children | 51 (38.6) | 46 (48.4) | 0.174 | 10 (35.7) | 87 (43.7) | 0.541 | 21 (47.7) | 76 (41.5) | 0.499 |
| Workplace characteristics | |||||||||
| Main work type | 0.046 | 0.017 | 0.115 | ||||||
| Clinic | 58 (43.9) | 30 (31.6) | 18 (64.3) | 70 (35.2) | 24 (54.5) | 64 (35.0) | |||
| Surgery | 30 (22.7) | 33 (34.7) | 4 (14.3) | 59 (29.6) | 7 (15.9) | 56 (30.6) | |||
| Diagnosis | 29 (22) | 28 (29.5) | 3 (10.7) | 54 (27.1) | 9 (20.5) | 48 (26.2) | |||
| ICU/ED | 9 (6.8) | 2 (2.1) | 1 (3.6) | 10 (5.0) | 2 (4.5) | 9 (4.9) | |||
| Anesthesiology | 6 (4.5) | 2 (2.1) | 2 (7.1) | 6 (3.0) | 2 (4.5) | 6 (3.3) | |||
| Years of work in the hospital (years; median, P25-p75) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–8) | 0.040* | 2.5 (1–7) | 1.5 (0.3–3) | 0.003* | 2 (1–7) | 2 (1–3) | 0.391* |
| Percentual time dedicated to clinical consults | 0.752 | 0.106 | 0.442 | ||||||
| < 25% | 25 (18.9) | 18 (18.9) | 2 (7.1) | 41 (20.6) | 6 (13.6) | 37 (20.2) | |||
| 25–75% | 36 (27.3) | 30 (31.6) | 12 (42.9) | 54 (27.1) | 16 (36.4) | 50 (27.3) | |||
| > 75% | 71 (53.8) | 47 (49.5) | 14 (50.0) | 104 (52.3) | 22 (50.0) | 96 (52.4) | |||
| Working in places with higher death rates | 102 (77.3) | 64 (67.4) | 0.129 | 23 (82.1) | 143 (71.6) | 0.362 | 34 (77.3) | 132 (72.1) | 0.573 |
| Workplace perceived stressors | |||||||||
| Lack of recognition by the hospital | 70 (53.0) | 28 (29.5) | < 0.001 | 19 (67.9) | 79 (39.7) | 0.007 | 29 (65.9) | 69 (37.7) | 0.001 |
| Lack of recognition by patients/caregivers | 18 (13.6) | 2 (2.1) | 0.002 | 7 (25.0) | 13 (6.5) | 0.005 | 9 (20.5) | 11 (6.0) | 0.006 |
| Relationship problems with other health professionals | 22 (16.7) | 11 (11.6) | 0.342 | 8 (28.6) | 25 (12.6) | 0.040 | 13 (29.5) | 20 (10.9) | 0.004 |
| Excess of work | 78 (59.0) | 19 (20.0) | < 0.001 | 20 (71.4) | 77 (38.7) | 0.002 | 31 (70.4) | 66 (36.0) | < 0.001 |
| Lack of time | 97 (73.5) | 46 (48.4) | < 0.001 | 24 (85.7) | 119 (59.8) | 0.007 | 35 (79.5) | 108 (59.0) | 0.014 |
| Lack of resources | 9 (6.8) | 6 (6.3) | 1.000 | 4 (14.3) | 11 (5.5) | 0.097 | 3 (6.8) | 12 (6.6) | 1.000 |
| Institutional rules | 50 (37.9) | 24 (25.3) | 0.062 | 12 (42.9) | 62 (31.2) | 0.281 | 23 (52.3) | 51 (27.9) | 0.004 |
| Unawareness of the institution’s strategic plan | 33 (25.0) | 16 (16.8) | 0.190 | 7 (25.0) | 42 (21.1) | 0.628 | 13 (29.5) | 36 (19.7) | 0.158 |
| Lack of autonomy | 27 (20.5) | 7 (7.4) | 0.008 | 6 (21.4) | 28 (14.0) | 0.393 | 10 (22.7) | 24 (13.1) | 0.155 |
| Extra-work characteristics | |||||||||
| Frequently familiar meetings | 78 (59.0) | 63 (66.3) | 0.332 | 10 (35.7) | 131 (65.2) | 0.003 | 24 (54.5) | 117 (63.9) | 0.299 |
| Leisure activities | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | ||||||
| Never/rarely | 58 (43.9) | 17 (17.9) | 19 (67.9) | 56 (28.1) | 24 (54.5) | 51 (27.9) | |||
| Moderate | 58 (43.9) | 51 (53.7) | 7 (25.0) | 102 (51.3) | 17 (38.6) | 92 (50.3) | |||
| Frequent/very frequent | 16 (12.1) | 27 (28.4) | 2 (7.1) | 41 (20.6) | 3 (6.8) | 40 (21.9) | |||
| Physical activity (no vs. yes) | 0.166 | < 0.001 | 0.022 | ||||||
| No | 46 (34.8) | 22 (23.2) | 17 (60.7) | 51 (25.6) | 21 (47.7) | 47 (25.7) | |||
| Up to 2 times a week | 40 (30.3) | 35 (36.8) | 9 (32.1) | 66 (33.2) | 11 (25.0) | 64 (35.0) | |||
| More than 2 times a week | 46 (34.8) | 38 (40.0) | 2 (7.1) | 82 (41.2) | 12 (27.3) | 72 (39.3) | |||
| Religion affiliation (yes) | 109 (82.6) | 80 (84.2) | 0.857 | 25 (89.3) | 164 (82.4) | 0.588 | 38 (86.4) | 151 (82.5) | 0.656 |
| Influence of spirituality on work (yes) | 59 (44.7) | 45 (47.4) | 0.787 | 14 (50.0) | 90 (45.2) | 0.688 | 24 (54.5) | 80 (43.7) | 0.239 |
*Mann-Whitney U test