Table 2.
Unadjusted ORs (95% CI) of the association between maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes
| All Births | Belgium | EU27 | North Africa | Sub-Saharan Africa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | |
| LBW | ||||||||||
| Household income | ||||||||||
| high | 4.13 | 1 | 4.31 | 1 | 3.71 | 1 | 3.67 | 1 | 2.84 | 1 |
| median | 4.64 | 1,12 (1,03-1,23)b | 5.06 | 1,18 (1,05-1,32)b | 3.80 | 1,02 (0,80-1,31) | 3.38 | 0,91 (0,61-1,38) | 5.91 | 2,15 (1,19-3,86)a |
| low (at risk of poverty) | 4.66 | 1,13 (1,04-1,23)b | 5,59 | 1,31 (1,17-1,47)c | 4.51 | 1,22 (0,97-1,54) | 3.02 | 0,81 (0,54-1,21) | 5.99 | 2,18 (1,23-3,84)b |
| Employed | ||||||||||
| Yes | 4.61 | 1 | 4.73 | 1 | 3.88 | 1 | 3.79 | 1 | 5.66 | 1 |
| No - social recipient | 6.65 | 1,47 (1,32-1,63)c | 9.54 | 2,12 (1,74-2,58)c | 7.82 | 2,09 (1,44-3,05)c | 3.91 | 1,03 (0,73-1,45) | 6.05 | 1,07 (0,81-1,42) |
| No - other | 5.16 | 1,12 (1,03-1,21)b | 5.41 | 1,04 (1,04-1,27)b | 5.31 | 1,38 (1,03-1,85)a | 3.29 | 0,86 (0,66-1,45) | 7.13 | 1,28 (0,90-1,81) |
| Other | 3.92 | 0,84 (0,78-0,90)c | 4.73 | 0,99 (0,82-1,20) | 3.58 | 0,91 (0,76-1,10) | 3.07 | 0,80 (0,65-0,99) | 5.11 | 0,89 (0,67-1,18) |
| Maternal education | ||||||||||
| Superior | 4.08 | 1 | 4.10 | 1 | 3.35 | 1 | 3.38 | 1 | 6.01 | 1 |
| secondary superior | 4.81 | 1,19 (1,09-1,29)c | 5.23 | 1,28 (1,15-1,44)c | 4.21 | 1,26 (1,03-1,55)a | 3.53 | 1,04 (0,78-1,39) | 5.66 | 0,93 (0,69-1,26) |
| < = secondary inferior | 4.80 | 1,18 (1,09-1,28)c | 6.27 | 1,56 (1,39-1,75)c | 4.49 | 1,34 (1,08-1,68)b | 2.99 | 0,88 (0,66-1,16) | 5.39 | 0,88 (0,66-1,19) |
| other | 5.34 | 1,32 (1,17-1,49)c | 5.76 | 1,42 (1,17-1,73)c | 5.03 | 1,52 (1,06-2,19)a | 3.89 | 1,16 (0,82-1,62) | 6.91 | 1,15 (0,77-1,73) |
| Living alone (n) | ||||||||||
| No - married | 3.75 | 1 | 3.97 | 1 | 3.30 | 1 | 3.02 | 1 | 4.85 | 1 |
| No - not married | 5.33 | 1,44 (1,32-1,56)c | 5.70 | 1,46 (1,31-1,63)c | 4.45 | 1,36 (1,10-1,69)b | 2.55 | 0,84 (0,43-1,63) | 4.82 | 0,99 (0,68-1,44) |
| Yes | 6.19 | 1,69 (1,56-1,83)c | 6.43 | 1,66 (1,46-1,88)c | 6.26 | 1,95 (1,53-2,50)c | 4.81 | 1,62 (1,28-2,05)c | 6.68 | 1,40 (1,09-1,74)b |
| Unknown | 5.50 | 1,49 (1,31-1,69)c | 5.96 | 1,53 (1,25-1,87)c | 5.44 | 1,68 (1,07-2,65)a | 3.23 | 0,85 (0,53–135) | 6.00 | 1,25 (0,83-1,87) |
| SGA | ||||||||||
| Household income (n) | ||||||||||
| high (%) | 9.88 | 1 | 10.24 | 1 | 9.60 | 1 | 8.39 | 1 | 9.21 | 1 |
| median (%) | 10.68 | 1,09 (1,03-1,15)b | 11.76 | 1,16 (1,08-1,26)c | 10.06 | 1,05 (0,89-1,23) | 8.73 | 1,04 (0,79-1,37) | 11.92 | 1,33 (0,93-1,89) |
| low (at risk of poverty) (%) | 10.71 | 1,09 (1,03-1,15)b | 12.46 | 1,24 (1,15-1,35)c | 10.69 | 1,12 (0,96-1,31) | 8.38 | 0,99 (0,76-1,30) | 12.65 | 1,42 (1,01-1,99)a |
| Employed (n) | ||||||||||
| Yes (%) | 10.27 | 1 | 10.89 | 1 | 9.83 | 1 | 8.15 | 1 | 9.64 | 1 |
| No - social recipient (%) | 12.48 | 1,24 (1,14-1,34)c | 16.28 | 1,59 (1,36-1,86)c | 16.90 | 1,86 (1,42-2,43)c | 8.53 | 1,05 (0,82-1,33) | 12.82 | 1,37 (1,11-1,70)b |
| No - other (%) | 11.21 | 1,10 (1,04-1,16)c | 12.15 | 1,13 (1,05-1,21)c | 12.67 | 1,33 (1,09-1,62)b | 7.97 | 0,97 (0,81-1,16) | 13.01 | 1,40 (1,06-1,84) |
| Other (%) | 10.13 | 0,98 (0,93-1,03) | 10.50 | 0,96 (0,84-1093) | 9.16 | 0,92 (0,82-1,04) | 8.95 | 1,10 (0,96-1,28) | 13.45 | 1,45 (1,18-1,79) |
| Maternal education (n) | ||||||||||
| Superior (%) | 9.99 | 1 | 10.45 | 1 | 9.41 | 1 | 9.35 | 1 | 10.98 | 1 |
| secondary superior (%) | 10.77 | 1,08 (1,03-1,14)b | 11.73 | 1,13 (1,05-1,22)c | 10.02 | 1,07 (0,93-1,22) | 8.82 | 0,93 (0,78-1,12) | 11.22 | 1,02 (0,81-1,28) |
| < = secondary inferior (%) | 10.84 | 1,09 (1,03-1,15)c | 12.51 | 1,22 (1,12-1,33)c | 10.70 | 1,15 (0,99-1,33) | 8.22 | 0,86 (0,72-1,03) | 13.41 | 1,25 (1,01-1,55)a |
| other | 10.84 | 1,09 (1,01-1,19)a | 11.18 | 1,08 (0,93-1,24) | 11.27 | 1,22 (0,95-1,57) | 9.21 | 0,98 (0,79-1,22) | 14.29 | 1,35 (1,01-1,82)a |
| Living alone (n) | ||||||||||
| No - married (%) | 9.43 | 1 | 9.80 | 1 | 8.85 | 1 | 8.35 | 1 | 12.10 | 1 |
| No - not married (%) | 11.66 | 1,26 (1,19-1,34)c | 12.16 | 1,27 (1,18-1,37)c | 11.70 | 1,36 (1,18-1,57)c | 8.31 | 0,99 (0,67-1,46) | 9.38 | 0,75 (0,57-0,98) |
| Yes (%) | 12.54 | 1,37 (1,29-1,45)c | 14.19 | 1,52 (1,39-1,66)c | 13.20 | 1,56 (1,31-1,86)c | 9.56 | 1,15 (0,97-1,37) | 13.12 | 1,09 (0,92-1,30) |
| Unknown | 12.70 | 1,39 (1,28-1,52)c | 14.46 | 1,55 (1,36-1,78)c | 11.67 | 1,36 (0,98-1,88) | 8.54 | 1,25 (0,97-1,60) | 11.63 | 0,95 (0,71-1,28) |
a ≤ 0.05
b ≤ 0.01
c ≤ 0.001