Figure I.

(for Box 1). Illustration of multiple memory systems in a drug-use episode. Top, an episode of substance use. Bottom, illustration of the different memories (associated with different memory systems) that can be formed during such an episode. Blue: dorsolateral striatum-dependent cue-response association; green: amygdala-dependent cue-affect association; red: hippocampus-dependent cue-cue (context) association. Note that other brain regions are also involved in the encoding and retrieval of these associations; here we focus on the critical “hubs” in these memory systems.