Fig. 3. SMA organoids shows reduced motor neuron survival.

a Co-staining of SOX1 (red) and TUJ1 (green) in SMA Type I (1-38 G) and SMA Type II (1-51 N) spinal organoids at respective time points. Cellular nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars, 100 μm. b Quantification of SOX1⁺ levels percentage of SMA Type I and Type II spinal organoids at respective time points relative to total cell number. The values were not significant. c Representative images of SMA Type I and Type II spinal organoids at respective time points stained with ISL1 (red) and SMI-32 (green). Cellular nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bars, 100 μm. d Graph shows percentage of ISL1⁺ at day 21, 28, and 35 in SMA Type I and Type II spinal organoids relative to total cell number. **p < 0.01, n.s. non-significant