Table 3.
Clinical trials of probiotics interventions for prevention, post-operative complications and treatment of CRC
| Type of intervention | Patients | Probiotic strain | Length of treatment | Outcome | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention | 38 healthy patients | L. rhamnosus | 4 weeks | Reduce of b-glycosidase activity by 10% and urease activity by 13% | (44) |
| 17 healthy patients | RS vs. BF lactis | 4 weeks | Induced unique changes in fecal microflora but did not significantly alter any other fecal, serum, or epithelial variables. | (45) | |
| 10 CRC and 20 healthy patients | L. gasseri (LG21) | 12 weeks | A deterioration of the intestinal environment was observed in the colorectal cancer patients in comparison to the healthy controls, and the intestinal environment improved when probiotics was taken. | (46) | |
| Prevention of post-operative complication | 100 CRC patients undergoing surgery (placebo group/ probiotics group n=50/50) |
L. plantarum
L. acidophilus B. longum |
16 days | Improvement in the integrity of gut mucosal barrier and decrease in infections complications |
(8) |
| 124 CRC patients undergoing surgery (placebo group/ probiotics group n=80/84) |
L. acidophilus
L. plantarum B. lactis BB S. boulardii |
15 days | Decreased the rate of all postoperative major complication, gene expression of TNF and circulating concentrations of IL-6 were under the control of SOCS3 in the probiotics group |
(47) | |
| 156 CRC patients undergoing surgery (placebo group/ probiotics group n=81/75) |
E. faecalis
C. butyricum B. mesentericus |
15 days | Probiotic treatment reduce superficial incisional surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients undergoing CRC surgery | (48) | |
| 60 CRC patients undergoing surgery (placebo group/ probiotics group n=30/30) |
B. longum
L. acidophilus E. faecalis |
12 days | Faster recovery of bowel function, lower incidences of diarrhea, and slightly lower rate of bacteremia.in probiotic group | (49) | |
| Chemotherapy and radiation therapy related toxicity | 150 CRC patients undertreated | L. rhamnosus GG | 24 weeks | Patients had less diarrhea, less abdominal pain, less hospital care, and had fewer chemo dose reductions due to bowel toxicity |
(50) |
| 490 gynecological cancer and CRC patients |
VSL#3 (a mixture of 8 probiotics) |
From the 1st day of radiation therapy |
Significant decrease of diarrhea (31.6 vs. 51.8%) and Severe diarrhea (1.4 vs. 55.4%) |
(51) |