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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Aspects Med. 2018 Oct 1;64:18–33. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.09.003

Fig. 2. ELV-N32 and ELV-N34 improve neurological/behavioral score, protect the penumbra, and reduce MRI lesion volumes after ischemic stroke.

Fig. 2.

(A) Total neurological score (normal score, 0; maximal score, 12) during MCAo (60 min) and at various times after treatment. At 60 min of MCAo, all animals had a score of 11 (of a possible 12). ELV-treated rats had significantly improved neurological scores on days 1, 3, and 7 compared to the vehicle (CSF)–treated group. (B) Ischemic core, penumbra, and total lesion volumes, computed from T2WI on day 7, were significantly reduced by ELV treatment compared to the vehicle group. (C) Representative T2WI, pseudo images, core/penumbra, and (D) 3D infarct volumes computed from T2WI on day 7. Core and penumbra were extracted from the entire brain. Core (red) and penumbral (blue) tissues were automatically identified in vehicle- and ELV-treated animals using the computational MRI method Hierarchical Region Splitting for penumbra identification. T2 hyperintensities were observed in the ischemic core and penumbra of vehicle-treated rats, consistent with edema formation. In contrast, ELV-treated animals had smaller lesion sizes. 3D reconstructions are from the same animal in each group on day 7. Values shown are means ± SD (n = 5 to 6 per group) (*P < 0.05, versus CSF group; repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni tests). From: (Bhattacharjee et al., 2017).