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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Methods. 2018 Oct 1;15(10):823–831. doi: 10.1038/s41592-018-0142-8

Figure 1. All-optical assay of synaptic function.

Figure 1.

(a) Scheme for Cre recombinase-mediated exclusive expression of Cre-on CheRiff and Cre-off QuasAr2. (b) Green: presynaptic cell expressing CheRiff-CFP. Red: postsynaptic cell expressing QuasAr2-Citrine (Citrine fluorescence; Inset: QuasAr2 fluorescence). Scale bars: 10 μm. (c) Ratio of cells expressing CheRiff to QuasAr2 as a function of MOI of AAV virus encoding Cre. Error bars represent standard deviation calculated by bootstrap method. Inset: At MOI = 1, approximately equal numbers of neurons expressed CheRiff or QuasAr2, but no cells expressed both (n = 63 neurons). (d) Optical initiation and monitoring of primarily inhibitory (top) and primarily excitatory (bottom) postsynaptic potentials. These measurements were performed without synaptic blockers and may contain minor contributions from both excitatory and inhibitory inputs (e.g. slight uptick in top recording). Blue, 10 ms blue light stimulation; red, whole-cell single-trial unfiltered fluorescence; black, patch-clamp recording.