Table 1.
Anthropometric, clinical & 3D-echocardiographic features.
| All (n = 133) | Female (n = 59) | Male (n = 74) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 38.73 ± 12.96 | 38.79 ± 14.51 | 38.67 ± 11.69 | 0.959 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.65 ± 11.06 | 55.88 ± 10.01 | 64.46 ± 10.42 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 160.97 ± 9.59 | 154 ± 7.08 | 166.53 ± 7.47 | <0.001 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.64 ± 0.19 | 1.54 ± 0.16 | 1.72 ± 0.17 | <0.001 |
| HR (bpm) | 76.15 ± 12.06 | 79.3 ± 11.34 | 73.63 ± 12.11 | 0.007 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 117.95 ± 11.04 | 116.95 ± 10.98 | 118.74 ± 11.1 | 0.354 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76.78 ± 7.81 | 76.54 ± 7.91 | 76.97 ± 7.78 | 0.753 |
| DM, n (%) | 8 (6.1%) | 5 (8.5%) | 3 (4.1%) | 0.465 |
| DD, n (%) | 34 (25.6%) | 19 (32.2%) | 15 (20.3%) | 0.117 |
| LVEDV(ml) | 69.49 ± 16.34 | 64.01 ± 15.41 | 73.86 ± 15.82 | <0.001 |
| LVESV(ml) | 24.58 ± 7.84 | 21.25 ± 7.89 | 27.24 ± 6.76 | <0.001 |
| LVEDVi (ml/m2)* | 42.47 ± 8.45 | 41.85 ± 8.88 | 42.97 ± 8.11 | 0.447 |
| LVESVi (ml/m2)* | 14.94 ± 4.27 | 13.79 ± 4.66 | 15.85 ± 3.71 | 0.005 |
| LVEF (%) | 64.79 ± 7.26 | 67.05 ± 7.58 | 62.99 ± 6.51 | 0.001 |
| Myocardial Volume (ml) | 107.11 ± 23.96 | 98.35 ± 22.62 | 114.09 ± 22.8 | <0.001 |
| LVM (g) | 112.46 ± 25.16 | 103.26 ± 23.76 | 119.79 ± 23.95 | <0.001 |
| LVMi (g/m2)* | 68.83 ± 13.53 | 67.39 ± 12.81 | 69.97 ± 14.06 | 0.276 |
| LV Mass/volume ratio (g/ml) | 1.67 ± 0.47 | 1.67 ± 0.5 | 1.67 ± 0.44 | 0.982 |
| LAV-min (ml) | 12.77 ± 3.86 | 12.12 ± 3.67 | 13.28 ± 3.95 | 0.085 |
| LAV-max (ml) | 25.24 ± 7.26 | 24.85 ± 7.59 | 25.54 ± 7.03 | 0.585 |
| LAVi-min (ml/m2)* | 7.81 ± 2.3 | 7.89 ± 2.26 | 7.74 ± 2.36 | 0.715 |
| LAVi-max (ml/m2)* | 15.49 ± 4.4 | 16.21 ± 4.72 | 14.91 ± 4.07 | 0.090 |
| LAEF (%) | 48.99 ± 12.34 | 50.09 ± 11.53 | 48.12 ± 12.96 | 0.361 |
Data presented as mean ± SD. BSA, body surface area; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; DD, diastolic dysfunction LV, left ventricle; EDV, end diastolic volume; ESV, end systolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; LVM, LV mass; LAV-min, minimum left atrial volume and LAV-max, maximum left arterial volume. *parameters indexed for BSA (suffix “I” indicates indexed).