Table 1.
Genetic polymorphisms of cytosolic GSTs
| Class | Chromosome | Gene | Exon count | Alleles | Nucleotide variability | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| α | 6p12.2 | GSTA1 | 7 | GSTA1*A | Wild-type | 116 |
| GSTA1*B | Promoter point mutation | |||||
| GSTA2 | 8 | GSTA2*A | Pro110;Ser112;Lys196;Glu210 | 117, 118 | ||
| GSTA2*B | Pro110, Ser112, Lys196, Ala210 | |||||
| GSTA2*C | Pro110;Thr112;Lys196;Glu210 | |||||
| GSTA2*D | Pro110;Ser112;Asn196;Glu210 | |||||
| GSTA2*E | Ser110;Ser112;Lys196;Glu210 | |||||
| μ | 1p13.3 | GSTM1 | 8 | GSTM1*A | Lys173 | 119, 120 |
| GSTM1*B | Asn173 | |||||
| GSTM1 null | Gene deletion | |||||
| GSTM1*1⋅2 | Duplication | |||||
| GSTM3 | 9 | GSTM3*A | Wild-type | 121 | ||
| GSTM3*B | Protein unchanged | |||||
| GSTM4 | 10 | GSTM4*A | Tyr2517 | 122, 123 | ||
| GSTM4*B | T2517C frameshift | |||||
| π | 11q13.2 | GSTP1 | 7 | GSTP1*A | Ile105;Ala114 | 124–128 |
| GSTP1*B | Val105;Ala114 | |||||
| GSTP1*C | Val105;Val114 | |||||
| GSTP1*D | Ile105;Val114 | |||||
| θ | 22q11.23 | GSTT1 | 6 | GSTT1*A | Thr104 | 124 |
| GSTT1*B | Pro104 | 129 | ||||
| GSTT1*null | Gene deletion | |||||
| GSTT2 | 5 | GSTT2*A | Met139 | 130, 131 | ||
| GSTT2*B | Ile139 | |||||
| ω | 10q25.1 | GSTO1 | 7 | GSTO1*A | Ala140;Glu155 | 132, 133 |
| GSTO1*B | Ala140 | |||||
| GSTO1*C | Asp140;Glu155 | |||||
| GSTO1*D | Asp140 | |||||
| GSTO2 | 10 | GSTO2*A | Asn142 | 134, 135 | ||
| GSTO2*B | Asp142 | |||||
| δ | 14q24.3 | GSTZ1 | 12 | GSTZ1*A | Lys32;Arg42;Thr82 | 136–138 |
| GSTZ1*B | Lys32;Gly42;Thr82 | |||||
| GSTZ1*C | Glu32;Gly42;Thr82 | |||||
| GSTZ1*D | Glu32;Gly42;Met82 |
Abbreviation: GST: Glutathione S-transferase.