Table 7.
Health and formal social care average costs at 90 days
| Overall costs | HAH, £ (SD) | UC, £ (SD) | Bootstrapped mean difference (£) | Bootstrapped 95% CI* of cost difference |
| Health and formal social care | 3857.8 (3199.6) | 4873.5 (5631.1) | −1015.7 | −2735.5 to 644.8 |
| Healthcare | 3819.2 (3135.0) | 4755.8 (5525.4) | −936.6 | −2645.4 to 709.9 |
| Oxygen therapy | 38.4 (68.4) | 18.3 (53.7) | 20.1 | −1.73 to 42.0 |
| Medication | 422.5 (275.2) | 458.9 (331.4) | −36.4 | −150.1 to 75.7 |
| Hospital costs | ||||
| Bed stay | 1540.8 (2000.7) | 2775.2 (4129.6) | −1234.4 | −2524.8 to −82.0 |
| Inpatient healthcare review | 417.7 (399.1) | 514.3 (650.7) | −96.7 | −288.4 to 96.4 |
| Laboratory and diagnostic tests | 375.1 (383.8) | 358.7 (422.4) | 16.4 | −128.1 to 169.1 |
| NIV costs | 44.4 (261.0) | 158.2 (436.2) | −113.8 | −255.4 to 8.12 |
| HAH costs | ||||
| HAH visits and travel time† | 383.9 (276.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 383.9 | 319.2 to 455.3 |
| Telephone calls costs | 5.8 (14.2) | 5.4 (10.8) | 0.5 | −3.57 to 5.33 |
| Community costs | ||||
| Formal social care | 38.6 (173.1) | 117.7 (711.0) | −79.0 | −299.2 to 55.2 |
| Home visits after discharge | 43.7 (87.7) | 39.2 (55.7) | 4.5 | −19.2 to 31.8 |
| A+E and outpatient appointments | 546.8 (347.5) | 427.6 (394.9) | 119.2 | −22.6 to 243.0 |
*The 95% CI in the table is two-sided (0.025 to 0.975), calculated with the bootstrap approach. For health and formal social care (the primary outcome), the one-sided 95% CI (0.95) was £312.
†55% of time on HAH visits was spent with the patient (45% on travel time).
A+E, accident and emergency; HAH, Hospital at Home; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; UC, usual care.