Table 1.

Association of Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) quintile with asthma outcomes (incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% CI), adjusting for age and sex, stratified by age-band: (A) mortality, England 2002–2015; (B) emergency admissions, England 2001–2011; (C) prevalence of clinician-diagnosed-and-treated asthma in the last 12 months, England 2010*; (D) prevalence of recent severe asthma symptoms*, England 2010.

(A) Mortality	5–44 years				45–74 years				75 years and over
IMD	N deaths	IRR	95% CI		N deaths	IRR	95% CI		N deaths	IRR	95% CI
Least deprived 1	263	1.00	Reference		765	1.00	Reference		1847	1.00	Reference
2	291	0.96	0.81	1.13	767	1.07	0.97	1.18	1751	0.94	0.88	1.00
3	244	0.85	0.72	1.02	768	1.11	1.00	1.22	1750	0.95	0.89	1.02
4	297	0.85	0.72	1.01	783	1.28	1.16	1.41	1854	1.14	1.07	1.22
5	275	0.81	0.69	0.96	751	1.37	1.24	1.52	1866	1.30	1.22	1.39
Linear trend for IMD		0.95	0.91	0.99		1.08	1.06	1.11		1.08	1.06	1.09
(P value)		0.006				<0.001				<0.001

(B) Admissions	5–44 years				45–74 years				75 years and over
IMD	N admissions	IRR	95% CI		N admissions	IRR	95% CI		N admissions	IRR	95% CI
Least deprived 1	40 428	1.00	Reference		18 309	1.00	Reference		7201	1.00	Reference
2	47 402	1.22	1.20	1.23	23 433	1.17	1.15	1.19	8745	1.09	1.06	1.13
3	59 025	1.64	1.62	1.66	27 775	1.23	1.21	1.25	10 044	1.13	1.10	1.17
4	79 155	2.28	2.25	2.31	35 044	1.47	1.45	1.50	10 991	1.23	1.20	1.27
5	1 13 570	3.34	3.30	3.38	49 385	2.01	1.98	2.05	12 370	1.43	1.39	1.47
Linear trend for IMD		1.37	1.37	1.37		1.19	1.19	1.20		1.09	1.08	1.10
(P value)		<0.001				<0.001				<0.001

(C) Diagnosis	5–44 years				45–74 years				75 years and over
IMD	N diagnosed	IRR	95% CI		N diagnosed	IRR	95% CI		N diagnosed	IRR	95% CI
Least deprived 1	123	1.00	Reference		56	1.00	Reference		14	1.00	Reference
2	136	1.21	0.96	1.54	59	1.41	1.00	1.99	16	1.06	0.54	2.05
3	147	1.31	1.04	1.66	66	1.58	1.13	2.22	13	1.17	0.59	2.32
4	157	1.27	1.01	1.60	87	1.99	1.44	2.75	18	2.06	1.11	3.83
5	184	1.38	1.10	1.73	70	2.14	1.53	2.98	10	1.38	0.67	2.84
Linear trend for IMD		1.07	1.02	1.12		1.20	1.12	1.29		1.16	1.00	1.34
(P value)		0.007				< 0.001				0.06

(D) Symptoms	5–44 years				45–74 years				75 years and over
IMD	N severe symptoms	IRR	95% CI		N severe symptoms	IRR	95% CI		N severe symptoms	IRR	95%  CI
Least deprived 1	47	1.00	Reference		36	1.00	Reference		14	1.00	Reference
2	59	1.47	1.01	2.13	37	1.36	0.89	2.10	14	0.99	0.51	1.89
3	71	1.77	1.23	2.53	53	1.92	1.28	2.88	11	0.87	0.43	1.78
4	94	2.00	1.42	2.84	65	2.35	1.59	3.48	20	2.12	1.16	3.86
5	113	2.38	1.70	3.33	79	3.85	2.65	5.59	8	1.10	0.52	2.32
Linear trend for IMD		1.22	1.13	1.31		1.39	1.28	1.51		1.13	0.97	1.32
(P value)		<0.001				< 0.001				0.12

*Clinician-diagnosed-and-treated asthma; a combination of the questions: ‘Did a doctor or nurse ever tell you that you had asthma?’ AND “Over the last 12 months, have you used an inhaler, puffer or nebuliser prescribed by a doctor to treat your asthma, wheezing or whistling, or difficulty in breathing?”. Recent severe asthma; a combination of any of the following: in the last 12 months has had sleep disturbed one or more nights per week due to wheezing/whistling in chest, has found in the last 12 months chest wheezing ±whistling interfered with normal activities ‘quite a bit’ or ‘a lot’, has experienced symptoms of asthma ‘every day’ or ‘most days’, had difficulty sleeping one or more days due to usual asthma symptoms in the last week or had usual asthma symptoms during the day one or more days in the last week