Table 4.
Diagnosis statusa | Glycemic controlb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Undiagnosed diabetes | A1C ≥6.5% | |||
aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted Wald test | aOR (95% CI) | Adjusted Wald test | |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
Non-Hispanic white | Ref. | p < 0.001 | Ref. | p < 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic black | 11.2 (6.3–19.9)*** | 15.6 (7.6–32.2)*** | ||
Hispanic | 2.8 (1.0–8.1) | 1.9 (0.9–4.0) | ||
Native American | c | c | ||
Asian | 0.4 (0.1–1.7) | 1.2 (0.5–2.7) | ||
Education | ||||
College graduate or more | Ref. | p = 0.13 | Ref. | p = 0.48 |
Some college or vocational school | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | ||
High school graduate | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 1.8 (0.6–5.0) | ||
Less than high school | 0.3 (0.1–0.9)* | 2.3 (0.7–7.6) | ||
Insurance | ||||
Private insurance | Ref. | p = 0.36 | Ref. | p = 0.31 |
Medicaid | 1.6 (0.7–3.4) | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | ||
No insurance | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 1.9 (0.8–4.9) | ||
Access to care | ||||
Had access | Ref. | p = 0.81 | Ref. | p = 0.13 |
Lacked access | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | ||
Diagnosis status | ||||
Diagnosed | NA | Ref. | p = 0.002 | |
Undiagnosed | 3.2 (1.8–5.8)*** |
Reference category is being diagnosed (self-reported diabetes history or antihyperglycemic medication use).
Reference category is A1C <6.5%, which the ADA recommends before becoming pregnant.9
Cell count too small to publish as per Add Health guidelines.
p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
ADA, American Diabetes Association.