Figure 3.

Embelin attenuates the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs.

A. MDSCs isolated from the spleens of embelin-treated or untreated CAC mice were co-cultured with CFSE-labeled T cells from naïve mice and stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies for 4 days. Representative flow cytometric analysis of gated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell proliferation is shown (a). The percentages of CD4⁺ (b) and CD8⁺ (c) proliferating T cells were quantified. B. MDSCs isolated from the spleens of embelin-treated or untreated CAC mice were co-cultured for 4 days with CFSE-labeled splenocytes from OT-II transgenic mice and stimulated with OVA_323–339. Representative flow cytometric analysis of gated CD4⁺ T cell proliferation is shown (a). The percentage of CD4⁺ proliferating T cells were quantified (b). Bar graphs show mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.