Table 2.

Primary outcome measure - Low back pain severity

	Treatment group		Group difference
	ET	SMT+ET	SMT+ET minus ET	P Value*
Low back pain severity [0–10]
Mean at Week 0 (SD)	5.34 (1.35)	5.32 (1.43)
Mean reduction at week 4 (95%CI)	0.93 (0.52 to 1.35)	0.72 (0.32 to 1.13)	−0.21 (−0.79 to 0.37)	0.477
Mean reduction at week 8 (95%CI)	1.14 (0.72 to 1.55)	1.62(1.21 to 2.02)	0.48 (−0.10 to 1.06)	0.106
Mean reduction at week 12 (95%CI)	1.91 (1.50 to 2.33)	2.43 (2.02 to 2.84)	0.52 (−0.07 to 1.10)	0.083
Short term response summary (Area under the curve minus baseline through week 12)	1.23 (0.88 to 1.58)	1.38 (1.04 to 1.73)	0.15 (−0.34 to 0.64)	0.55
Mean reduction at week 26 (95%CI)	1.92 (1.50 to 2.34)	3.04 (2.63 to 3.45)	1.12 (0.53 to 1.71)	<0.001
Mean reduction at week 52 (95%CI)	2.14 (1.72 to 2.56)	2.92 (2.51 to 3.33)	0.78 (0.19 to 1.37)	0.009
Long term response summary (Area under the curve minus baseline through week 52)	1.87 (1.51 to 2.22)	2.56 (2.21 to 2.91)	0.69 (0.19 to 1.19)	0.007

Mean values adjusted for minimization variables.

^*Long term response summary serves as the omnibus test p-value. If p>.05, p-values for individual time points are not computed.