Table 3.

The results of univariable and multivariable multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analyses for the prediction of culprit lesions among ACS patients (n=32) (A) and the results of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses for the prediction of ACS during index hospitalization among all patients (n=255) (B) using IVUS-based thresholds for the detection of high-risk plaques on coronary CTA.

(A)
	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	OR (95%CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Remodeling index*	2.04 (0.98-4.26)	0.058	1.11 (0.44-2.78)	0.820
Minimal luminal area (mm2)*	5.86 (2.17-15.82)	<0.001	2.29 (0.74-7.12)	0.151
Plaque burden (%)*	7.63 (3.02-19.30)	<0.001	3.14 (1.06-9.25)	0.038
TCFA equivalent – Low HU plaque volume <30 HU (mm3)	11.71 (5.03-27.30)	<0.001	6.60 (2.52-17.24)	<0.001
Lesion length	4.07 (1.87-8.88)	<0.001	2.00 (0.81-4.93)	0.130

(B)
	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
	OR (95%CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Remodeling index*	3.34 (1.32-8.42)	0.011	0.78 (0.25-2.45)	0.673
Minimal luminal area (mm2)*	18.12 (4.23-77.66)	<0.001	6.82 (1.46-31.79)	0.014
Plaque burden (%)*	26.16 (8.37-81.74)	<0.001	5.71 (1.59-20.58)	0.008
TCFA equivalent – Low HU plaque volume <30 HU (mm3)	7.19 (2.97-17.39)	<0.001	4.04 (1.46-11.14)	0.007
Lesion length	21.57 (6.36-73.2)	<0.001	7.50 (2.01-27.97)	0.003

^*A remodeling index of 1.1 or greater, a MLA of 4.0 mm² or less, a plaque burden of 70% and a lesion length of 11.2 mm or greater were pre-specified for use in this model, since they have been used frequently in previous studies. For low HU plaque, a pre-specified HU threshold of <30 HU was used as TCFA equivalent, since it corresponds to a necrotic core in IVUS. For the volume of low HU plaque, we used the newly derived CTA-specific threshold of 1.31 mm³, as there is no frequently used definition for plaque volume in IVUS.