Figure 1.

Conventional HIV Gene Therapy

(A) Ex vivo gene delivery. Autologous CD4⁺ T cells or CD34⁺ HSPCs are genetically modified ex vivo using a suitable vector. The gene-modified cells are infused back into the patient. (B) Positive selection of gene-modified HIV target cells. HIV replicates in susceptible HIV target cells (red). Gene-modified cells (green) are resistant to infection and accumulate to therapeutically relevant levels. (C) The HIV replication cycle and examples of gene therapeutics. RT, HIV reverse transcriptase; IN, HIV integrase.