Percentage of change from baseline after 20 weeks of treatment in serum levels of (A) CTx, (B) PINP, (C) TRAP5b, and (D) osteocalcin. ANCOVA P values are indicated, and when these were less than 0.05, individual groups were compared with the placebo-treated group using the Dunnett’s 2-tailed t test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. As per the CONSORT flow diagram in Figure 2, the sample sizes for the week-20 analyses were as follows: placebo, n = 29; propranolol 20 mg b.i.d., n = 26; propranolol 40 mg b.i.d., n = 25; atenolol 50 mg/day, n = 25; and nebivolol 5 mg/day, n = 24.