Percentage of BMD change from baseline following 20 weeks of treatment at the (A) ultradistal radius, (B) distal radius, (C) femur neck, and (D) lumbar spine. ANCOVA P values are indicated, and when these were less than 0.05, individual groups were compared with the placebo-treated group using a Dunnett’s 2-tailed t test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. As per the CONSORT flow diagram in Figure 2, the sample sizes for the week-20 analyses were as follows: placebo, n = 29; propranolol 20 mg b.i.d., n = 26; propranolol 40 mg b.i.d., n = 25; atenolol 50 mg/day, n = 25; and nebivolol 5 mg/day, n = 24.