WT and AR-null mice were subjected to TAC or sham surgery and long axis m-mode echocardiographic data were acquired at the indicated times after TAC. (A) Ejection fraction and (B) cardiac output (CO), at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after TAC. (C) Ratio of left ventricle (LV) to tibia length (TL), (D) fold change in ANF and β-MHC mRNA expression in LV of TAC hearts compared with WT sham after 2 weeks of surgery. Data are mean ± SEM, n=12–15 mice per group. *p<0.05 vs WT sham and #p<0.05 vs WT TAC.