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. 2018 Oct 29;13(10):e0205997. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205997

Fig 2. Effects of Cytisus scoparius volatiles on the germination, growth, and biomass of two agricultural weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus and Digitaria sanguinalis).

Fig 2

a) Total germination (Gt) b) CRG index c) root length d) shoot length e) root biomass and f) shoot biomass after the exposure to VOCs released from flowering branches and flowers of U. europaeus. Mean values are represented as percentages relative to the control. Error bars represent standard deviation (SD). For each target weed species, asterisks denote statistically significant effects of treatments at *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01 and ***P ≤ 0.001 (ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis H test). Mean values labeled with distinct letters are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05 (post-hoc LSD or Tamhane`s T2 test).