aDid not meet inclusion criteria for analysis including pre-conception obesity or normal weight, singleton live birth, and absence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. bMissing information for at least 1 of the following variables: pre-conception body mass index group (normal weight or obese), GDM status (GDM-negative or GDM-positive), maternal HbA1c at delivery (<5.7% [39 mmol/mol] or ≥5.7%), or confounding variables. c“Healthy” defined as GDM-negative and HbA1c < 5.7% at delivery. dOffspring too young at the time of data retrieval from the PEACHES database. eLoss to follow-up or withdrawal from participation. GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; PEACHES, Programming of Enhanced Adiposity Risk in Childhood–Early Screening.