Table 7C.

Outcomes Associated with Group Location

Results of BFA treatment	Administered in group clinic(visits = 553)(patients = 178)	Administered during individual visit(visits = 200)(patients = 106)
Pain level (pre) mean (SD)	7.0 (2.3)	6.6 (2.4)
Pain level (post) mean (SD)	5.4 (2.2)	2.6 (2.4)
Change mean (SD)	−1.6 (2.5)*	−3.9 (3.4)*
Interference with sleep (pre) mean (SD)	6.0 (3.1)	5.7 (2.8)
Interference with activity (pre) mean (SD)	6.7 (2.6)	5.7 (2.9)
Interference with mood (pre) mean (SD)	6.2 (2.9)	5.6 (2.8)
Interference with stress (pre) mean (SD)	6.2 (2.8)	5.6 (2.8)

^*P < 0.001; signed-rank test of change in pain scores not equal to 0 change.

BFA, Battlefield Acupuncture; SD, standard deviation.