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. 2018 Oct 23;5:150. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00150

Table 1.

Mechanisms of stroke in TAVR patients.

Stroke timing Mechanism of stroke Possible associated factors
Acute (Periprocedural) Embolization phenomenon

  • - Wire or catheter manipulation in the aortic arch, ascending aorta or aortic arch

  • - Crossing calcified aortic valve

  • - Balloon aortic valvuloplasy

  • - TAVR device manipulation across aortic root and annulus

  • - TAVR prosthesis deployment

  • - Postdilatation of TAVR
Global ischemia

  • - Hemodynamic instability

  • - Rapid ventricular pacing

  • - Anesthetic complication
Hemorrhagic

  • - Vascular complication

  • - Anticoagulation (heparin) associated intraprocedurally
Subacute/Late Thromboembolic

  • - Atrial fibrillation (new on-set or chronic)

  • - Thromboembolic phenomenon (cardio-embolic)
Hemorrhagic

  • - Long-term use of anti-coagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy