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. 2018 Oct 29;8:236. doi: 10.1038/s41398-018-0264-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Changes in cfDNA concentrations (copies/ml plasma) before and after psychosocial and physical stress. Immediately after the TSST, doubling of cfDNA concentration was observed, whereas it increased fivefold after physical stress, peaking 15 min after the cessation of exercise. b Changes in the percentage proportion of the 170 bp cfDNA fragments of purified cfDNA. While minimal increases of the 170 bp fragments could be observed after the TSST, a fivefold percentage increase 15 min after physical exercise was observed. c Percentage cfDNA methylation of a HOXA5 fragment is shown as the average of 9 CpG sites. DNA methylation increased by 7.5% after physical stress, while it significantly decreased by 6.5% after the TSST. d An almost twofold increase of cf-mtDNA directly after both stress conditions is shown. Post-hoc test showed significant difference between the stress paradigms at time point +15 min. Values are reported as means ± SEM. The data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVAs. In case of significant effects, post-hoc test was carried out to check for group differences (*p ≤ 0.05, ***p ≤ 0.001)