Table 1. Participants’ characteristics and childbirth fear.
| Characteristics | n (%) | W-DEQ score, mean ± SD | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age, weeks | 0.102 | ||
| < 14 | 111 (21.3) | 71.7 ± 21.2 | |
| 14–26 | 192 (36.9) | 66.0 ± 22.7 | |
| > 26 | 217 (41.7) | 66.8 ± 25.1 | |
| Age, years | 0.819 | ||
| < 20 | 45 (8.7) | 65.6 ± 23.6 | |
| 20–30 | 324 (62.4) | 67.7 ± 22.8 | |
| > 30 | 150 (28.9) | 68.1 ± 25.1 | |
| Educational level, years | 0.859 | ||
| ≤ 12 | 342 (65.1) | 67.5 ± 23.2 | |
| > 12 | 183 (34.9) | 67.9 ± 24.0 | |
| Job | 0.103 | ||
| Housewife | 448 (85.8) | 68.3 ± 23.8 | |
| Employed | 74 (14.2) | 63.5 ± 19.7 | |
| Body mass index | 0.281 | ||
| < 25 | 32 (6.1) | 61.2 ± 24.4 | |
| 25–30 | 254 (48.5) | 68.0 ± 24.4 | |
| > 30 | 238 (45.4) | 68.2 ± 22.3 | |
| Hemoglobin, mg | 0.513 | ||
| ≤ 12 | 179 (35.0) | 68.2 ± 24.2 | |
| > 12 | 332 (65.0) | 66.8 ± 23.2 | |
| Parity | 0.298 | ||
| 0 | 223 (42.7) | 66.4 ± 24.1 | |
| ≥ 1 | 299 (57.3) | 68.5 ± 22.0 | |
| Nulliparas household income | 0.011* | ||
| Low-income | 27 (12.1) | 77.5 ± 21.0 | |
| Middle or high-income | 197 (87.9) | 65.0 ± 24.1 | |
| Multiparas household income | 0.709 | ||
| Low-income | 34 (11.4) | 69.9 ± 21.6 | |
| Middle or high-income | 263 (88.6) | 63.3 ± 23.3 | |
| Nulliparas preferred mode of delivery | 0. 903 | ||
| Cesarean | 54 (24.4) | 66.0 ± 19.7 | |
| Vaginal delivery | 167 (75.6) | 66.5 ± 25.5 | |
| Multiparas preferred mode of delivery | 0.032* | ||
| Cesarean | 102 (35.3) | 72.5 ± 23.2 | |
| Vaginal delivery | 187 (64.7) | 66.4 ± 22.8 |
*p < 0 .050; W-DEQ: Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire; SD: standard deviation.