Table 2: Effect of Direct Oral Anticoagulants on Haemostasis Tests and Drug Concentration Quantification[36,37].

NOAC	Quantification	PT	aPTT	TT
Dabigatran	Dilute TT (DTI assay), ECT, chromogenic anti-IIa assay	Variable depending on reagent	If normal, excludes supratherapeutic concentration	If normal, excludes clinically-relevant concentration
Rivaroxaban	Anti-Xa concentration (calibrated for rivaroxaban)	If normal, excludes supratherapeutic concentration; can be used for crude estimation	Less sensitive than PT	Insensitive
Apixaban	Anti-Xa concentration (calibrated for apixaban)	Insensitive; might have normal PT, despite therapeutic concentration	Insensitive; might have normal aPTT, despite therapeutic concentration	Insensitive
Edoxaban	Anti-Xa concentration (calibrated for edoxaban)	If normal, excludes clinically-relevant concentration	If normal, excludes clinically-relevant concentration	Insensitive

aPTT = activated partial thromboplastin time; DTI = direct thrombin inhibitor; ECT = ecarin clotting time; NOAC = new/novel oral anticoagulant; PT = prothrombin time; TT = thrombin time.