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. 2018 Oct 8;7:1612. [Version 1] doi: 10.12688/f1000research.16485.1

Figure 1. Panchgavya-exposed Caenorhabditis elegans exhibit better resistance to pathogenic bacteria.

Figure 1.

Previous exposure to Panchgavya (for 72 or 96 h) enabled C. elegans population to register better survival in the face of bacterial challenge: ( A) 42.50±2.52% (p=0.001) better survival till third day, and 17.50±3.54% (p=0.002) better survival on fifth day, against P. aeruginosa; ( B) 27.30±1.86% (p=0.0001) better survival on fifth day, against S. aureus; ( C) 21.50±1.04% (p=0.0003) better survival on fifth day, against C. violaceum; ( D) 23±1.50% (p=0.002) higher survival on fifth day, against S. marcescens; ( E) Panchgavya-exposure was not found to confer any protection on C. elegans against S. pyogenes challenge.

Results pertaining to 72 h and 96 h exposure of worms to Panchgavya, prior to bacterial challenge, were not statistically different. Values reported are means of four independent experiments, whose statistical significance was assessed using t-test performed through Microsoft Excel. P values ≤0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.