Table 2.
The baseline characteristics of the SGA by weight gain class
| Class 1 Excessively rapid catch-up growth |
Class 2 Rapid catch-up growth |
Class 3 Appropriate catch-up growth |
Class 4 Slow catch-up growth |
Class 5 Almost no catch growth |
P for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of children [n (%)] | 322(10.7) | 593(19.7) | 1673(55.6) | 306(10.1) | 110(3.6) | – |
| Gender [n (%)] | ||||||
| Male | 117(36.3) | 201(33.8) | 659(39.3) | 145(47.3) | 66(60.0) | < 0.01 |
| Female | 205(63.6) | 392(66.1) | 1014(60.6) | 161(52.6) | 44(40.0) | |
| Gestational age (GA, wk.) | 39.06(1.1) | 39.13(1.0) | 39.06(1.0) | 38.70(1.1) | 38.70(1.2) | < 0.01 |
| GA categories [n (%)] | ||||||
| Late term (40 wk. ≤ GA<42 wk.) | 102(31.6) | 159(26.8) | 490(29.2) | 126(41.1) | 52(47.2) | < 0.01 |
| Early term (37 wk. ≤ GA<40 wk.) | 220(68.3) | 434(73.1) | 1183 (70.7) | 180(58.8) | 58(52.7) | < 0.01 |
| Birthweight (BW, Kg) | 2.57(0.1) | 2.58(0.1) | 2.55(0.1) | 2.45(0.2) | 2.37(0.2) | < 0.01 |
| BW (Z-score) | −1.63(0.4) | −1.60(0.4) | −1.68(0.4) | −1.96(0.6) | −2.17(0.6) | < 0.01 |
| BW categories [n (%)] | ||||||
| 2.5Kg ≤ BW<3.0Kg | 248 (77.0) | 466(78.5) | 1255(73.8) | 165(53.9) | 42(38.1) | < 0.01 |
| BW<2.5Kg | 74(22.9) | 127(21.4) | 438(26.1) | 141(46.0) | 68(61.8) | |
| Residence [n (%)] | ||||||
| Urban | 65 (20.1) | 100(16.8) | 249 (14.8) | 56 (18.3) | 16(14.5) | 0.12 |
| Rural | 257(79.8) | 493(83.1) | 1424(85.1) | 250(81.7) | 94(85.4) | |
| ΔWeight-for-age Z-score degrees between 4 mo and birth[n (%)] | 2.81(0.6) | 2.29(0.6) | 1.62(0.5) | 0.99(0.6) | 0.71(0.6) | < 0.01 |
| First (ΔWAZ <−0.67) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 1(0.0) | 2(0.65) | 1(0.91) | |
| Second (−0.67 < ΔWAZ< 0.67) | 0(0.0) | 4(0.6) | 75(4.4) | 99(32.35) | 52(47.27) | |
| Third(0.67 < ΔWAZ<1.28) | 6(1.8) | 27(4.5) | 403(24.0) | 116(37.91) | 40(36.36) | |
| Fourth (ΔWAZ> 1.28) | 316(98.1) | 56(94.7) | 1194(71.3) | 89(29.08) | 17(15.45) | |
Chi-square (categorical variables) or ANOVA (continuous variables) for linear trend, including all children (n = 3004); Data are expressed as mean ± SDS or No. (%).The Z-scores were calculated relative to age- and gender-specific WHO children growth standards. Continuous variables (gestational age, birthweight, BW (Z-score)) are shown in mean (SD)