Table 3.
BMI z-score and risks of adverse growth outcomes at age 2–5 y in each weight gain class
| Trajectories classes | BMI-for-age Z-score |
Overweight/obesity | Malnutrition | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95CI %) | N (%) | OR (95CI %) | N (%) | OR (95CI %) | |
| Class 1 Excessively rapid catch-up growth | |||||
| Unadjusted | 1.1(1.0,1.2)§ | 174 (54.0) | 10.6(8.1,13.9)§ | 6(1.9) | 0.7(0.3,1.6) |
| Adjusted | 1.1(1.0,1.2)§ | 11.6(8.8,15.3)§ | 0.7(0.3,1.6) | ||
| Class 2 rapid catch-up growth | |||||
| Unadjusted | 0.4(0.4,0.5)§ | 118 (19.9) | 2.2(1.7,2.9)§ | 2(0.3) | 0.1(0.0,0.5)‡ |
| Adjusted | 0.4(0.4,0.5)§ | 2.3(1.8,3.0)§ | 0.1(0.0,0.5)‡ | ||
| Class 3 Appropriate catch-up growth (referent) | 1.0 | 167 (10.0) | 1.0 | 45(2.7) | 1.0 |
| Class 4 Slow catch-up growth | |||||
| Unadjusted | −0.3(−0.4,-0.2)§ | 16 (5.2) | 0.5(0.3,0.8)‡ | 34(11.1) | 4.5 (2.8,7.2)§ |
| Adjusted | −0.3(− 0.4,-0.2)§ | 0.5(0.3,0.8)‡ | 4.4(2.7,7.1)§ | ||
| Class 5 Almost no catch-up growth | |||||
| Unadjusted | −0.7(−0.8,-0.5)§ | 5 (4.5) | 0.4(0.2,1.1)§ | 42(38.2) | 22.3(13.8,36.3)§ |
| Adjusted | −0.7(− 0.8,-0.5)§ | 0.4(0.2,1.0)§ | 21.2(12.6,35.6)§ | ||
Adjusted for gender, birthweight (2.5Kg ≤ BW<3.0Kg, BW<2.5Kg), gestational age (late term 40 ≤ GA<42 wk., early term 37 ≤ GA<40 wk.), residence (urban, rural)
CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio
‡P<0.01;§P<0.001