Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study cohort
| Normal n = 30 |
Newly diagnosed DM n = 31 |
Longer-term DM n = 40 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.23 ± 8.59 | 50.74 ± 11.92 | 56.50 ± 9.96 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 17 (56.7%) | 12 (38.7%) | 29 (72.5%)§ |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.44 ± 1.61 | 23.08 ± 3.19 | 24.53 ± 2.82*§ |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 2.24 ± 1.76* | 11.45 ± 3.52*§ | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118.47 ± 7.86 | 125.58 ± 9.54* | 131.13 ± 13.03*§ |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78.37 ± 6.87 | 80.58 ± 9.41 | 80.53 ± 9.04 |
| Rest heart rate (bpm) | 79.07 ± 8.35 | 76.61 ± 11.83 | 74.00 ± 10.52 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.11 ± 0.32 | 7.57 ± 2.01* | 7.92 ± 1.83* |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 5.49 ± 0.48 | 7.22 ± 1.44* | 7.81 ± 1.80* |
| Plasma triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.16 ± 0.29 | 1.57 ± 0.54* | 1.63 ± 0.83* |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.36 ± 0.60 | 3.94 ± 0.88* | 4.44 ± 1.16§ |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.45 ± 0.26 | 1.23 ± 0.29* | 1.27 ± 0.50* |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.97 ± 0.29 | 2.22 ± 0.69* | 2.53 ± 0.83* |
Data given as the mean ± SD
Newly diagnosed DM, patients with duration of diabetes < 5 years; Longer-term DM, patients with duration of diabetes > 5 years; BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
* p < 0.05 versus normal group (LSD)
§ p < 0.05 versus newly diagnosed DM patients (Student–Newman–Keuls)