Table 2.

Characteristics of articles included in CIS review from stage 1

Characteristics of articles	Number of articles (n = 49)
Type of article
Empirical	32
Protocol	6
Commentary/discussion	4
Review	4
Theory development	3
Description of behaviours
General	8
Specific behaviours	41
Research area theory was applied
Education	2
Health and public health	35
Law	2
Health professional	2
Neurobiology	2
Psychology	6
Direction of behaviour change
Increasing frequency	24
Decreasing frequency	8
Both increasing and decreasing frequencies	17
Theories reported*
Control Theory	1
Deterrent Theory	2
Disconnected Value Model	5
Goal-Setting Theory	1
Health Action Process Approach	2
Health Belief Model	1
Implementation Intention	4
Operant Learning Theory	2
Protection Motivation Theory	1
Self-Affirmation Theory	1
Self-Determination Theory	5
Social Cognitive Theory	23
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory	1
Theory of Planned Behaviour	4
Theory of Reasoned Action	2

*Eight articles reported the application of more than one theory; therefore, the sum of the theories reported column is greater than 49