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. 2018 Oct 23;9:2419. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02419

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Combination of dietary GOS and budesonide reduces IL-13 concentrations in the lungs of HDM-allergic mice. IL-13 concentrations were measured in supernatants of lung homogenates (pg/mg protein) (A) and in supernatants of lung cell suspensions upon ex vivo HDM restimulation (pg/mL) (B). Correlation of IL-13 concentration in lung homogenates and the number of lymphocytes between the HDM-groups (C). Results are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance of differences was tested using post hoc Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test after One-Way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 compared to the HDM-contr group n = 6 mice/group. Correlation was assessed using the Spearman correlation test. PBS, PBS–sensitized and–challenged mice (white bars); HDM, HDM-sensitized and–challenged mice (gray bars). Contr, control diet; GOS, 1 w/w% GOS or 2.5 w/w% GOS diet; Bud, budesonide.