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Formation of quercetin conjugates, adducts, and redox forms. The predominant route of metabolism of quercetin is conjugation by phase II enzymes, where R1 and R2 can be methyl groups, R1 can be sulfate, and R1, R2, R3, or R4 can be glucuronide moieties. Oxidation of quercetin yields superoxide and a more reactive quinone form, which can interact with glutathione or with cysteine residues on a protein such as Nrf2 or Keap-1. EGCG, (–)-epigallocatechin gallate.
