Figure 1.

Multimodal imaging of a 71-year-old male patient with severe bilateral chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (A–F: right eye, G–L: left eye).

Notes: On color fundus photography, atrophic RPE alterations were seen in the inferotemporal quadrant of the left eye (G). Multifocal “hot spots” of leakage (H) and extensive areas of atrophy were seen on fluorescein angiography (B, H). Fundus autofluorescence showed large areas of hypo- and hyper-autofluorescent abnormalities corresponding to the RPE changes, extending to outside the macula (D, J). Indocyanine green angiography images (C, I) showed multifocal areas of diffuse choroidal abnormalities and leakage. OCT revealed in both eyes epiretinal membrane and subretinal fluid centrally in the macula (E, K). Posterior cystoid retinal degeneration was seen in the outer nuclear layer of the nasal macula of the left eye (K). Ten weeks after half-dose photodynamic therapy, which was only performed in the left eye, both subretinal fluid and posterior cystoid retinal degeneration had disappeared (L). The black arrows on the color fundus photography images correspond to the scanning plane on the OCT scans (E, F, K, L).

Abbreviations: OCT, optical coherence tomography; RPE, retinal pigment epithelial.