Table 3.

Results from the final cross-lagged path model; caffeine with all outcomes.

DVs: caffeine at T2, smoking at T2, e-cigarettes at T2, alcohol at T2, drunk at T2	Beta	Stand. Beta	SE	P	Model fits
Caffeine at T1 > caffeine at T2	0.57	0.58	0.022	0.001	CFI = 0.980
Smoking at T1 > caffeine at T2	0.00	0.00	0.075	0.966	TLI = 0.941
E-cigarettes at T1 > caffeine at T2	0.10	0.05	0.075	0.184	RMSEA = 0.034
Alcohol at T1 > caffeine at T2	0.09	0.06	0.067	0.172	WRMR = 10.25
Drunk at T1 > caffeine at T2	−0.08	−0.04	0.083	0.323
Caffeine at T1 > smoking at T2	0.54	0.23	0.073	0.001
Smoking at T1 > smoking at T2	20.12	0.52	0.166	0.001
E-cigarettes at T1 > smoking at T2	0.78	0.18	0.151	0.001
Caffeine at T1 > e-cigarettes at T2	0.46	0.19	0.080	0.001
E-cigarettes at T1 > e-cigarettes at T2	30.10	0.70	0.201	0.001
Caffeine at T1 > alcohol at T2	0.42	0.18	0.087	0.001
Alcohol at T1 > alcohol at T2	20.49	0.67	0.158	0.001
Caffeine at T1 > drunk at T2	0.41	0.17	0.098	0.001
Drunk at T1 > drunk at T2	20.21	0.43	0.229	0.001
Alcohol at T1 > drunk at T2	10.00	0.27	0.163	0.001

RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; WRMR = weighted root mean square residual; CFI = Comparative Fit Index; TLI = Tucker-Lewis Index; SE = standard error; DV = Dependent variables