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. 2018 Oct 30;8:16012. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34394-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed sex-specific NF-κB-p65 target gene expression after TNF-α-dependent neuroprotection upon oxidative stress-insult. (a) qPCR analysis revealed increased PKAcatα mRNA levels after H₂O₂ alone, TNF-α-pre-treatment prior to H₂O₂ and TNF-α alone compared to untreated control, with a stronger effect for TNF-α/H₂O₂ in male compared to female ITSC-derived neurons. (b) SOD2 mRNA levels significantly increased in female ITSC-derived neurons compared to control and compared to their male counterparts. (c) qPCR analysis showing c-IAP1 mRNA levels in male and female ITSC-derived neurons. (d) qPCR analysis showing c-IAP2 mRNA levels in male and female ITSC-derived neurons. (e) qPCR analysis showing significant increased IGF1 mRNA levels compared to control in male and female ITSC-derived neurons. (f) IGF2 mRNA levels were significantly elevated only in female-derived neurons compared to control. Non-parametric Mann Whitney test (*p ≤ 0.05), mean ± SEM (standard error of the mean, n = 3 males, n = 3 females). Nd: Not detectable. Ct values were normalized to reference genes β-actin and RPLP0 (Ribosomal Protein Lateral Stalk Subunit P0).