Table 2. Details of autochthonous human West Nile and Usutu virus infections, Austria, 2018.
Cases | Main symptoms | Month of symptom onset/ blood donation | Cobas WNV assaya | WNV RT-PCRb |
USUV RT-PCRb |
WNV NT | USUV NT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WNND | |||||||
1 | Disorientation, aphasia | August | ND | Pos | Neg | 240 | 40 |
2 | Disorientation, coma | September | ND | Pos | Neg | 640 | 60 |
3 | Fever, stiff neck | August | ND | Pos | Neg | 160 | 20 |
4 | Dysarthria, limb weakness | September | ND | Neg | Neg | 240 | 60 |
WNF | |||||||
1 | Fever, rash, fatigue, headache | August | ND | Pos | Neg | 960 | 160 |
2 | Fever, rash, diarrhoea | August | ND | Pos | ND | 320 | 80 |
3 | Fever, rash | August | ND | Pos | Neg | 640 | 60 |
4 | Rash | August | ND | Pos | ND | ND | ND |
5 | Fever, rash | August | ND | Pos | ND | 40 | 30 |
6 | Fever, rash | August | ND | Pos | ND | 320 | 120 |
7 | Rash, ocular pain | August | ND | Pos | ND | 320 | 40 |
8 | Fever, fatigue, muscle aches | August | ND | Pos | ND | 480 | 60 |
9 | Rash, fatigue | August | ND | Neg | Neg | 240 | 60 |
10 | Fever, rash | August | ND | Pos | ND | 120 | < 20 |
11 | Fever, fatigue | August | ND | Pos | Neg | 320 | < 20 |
Blood donors | |||||||
WNV | |||||||
BD2 | Rash, fatigue, headachec | August | Pos (30.4) | Pos | Neg | 480 | 30 |
BD4 | Rash, fatigued | August | Pos (40.0) | Pos | Neg | 1,920 | 160 |
BD9 | Fatigue, joint achesc | August | Pos (30.8) | Pos | Neg | 240 | 80 |
BD17 | Asympt | August | Pos (30.0) | Pos | Neg | 160 | 60 |
BD18 | Asympt | August | Pos (39.4) | Pos | Neg | 240 | 160 |
WNV/USUV | |||||||
BD7 | Asympt | August | Pos (34.1) | Pos | Pos | 960 | 120 |
USUV | |||||||
BD1 | Asympt | June | Pos (38.7) | Neg | Pos | < 20 | 40 |
BD3 | Rashc | August | Pos (37.6) | Neg | Pos | 60 | 160 |
BD5 | Asympt | August | Pos (39.4) | Neg | Pos | ND | ND |
BD6 | Asympt | August | Pos (37.1) | Neg | Pos | 80 | 240 |
BD8 | Asympt | August | Pos (44.0) | Neg | Pos | < 20 | 80 |
BD10 | Asympt | August | Pos (35.3) | Neg | Pos | ND | ND |
BD11 | Asympt | August | Pos (38.8) | Neg | Pos | 30 | 120 |
BD12 | Asympt | August | Pos (40.7) | Neg | Pos | < 20 | 160 |
BD13 | Asympt | August | Pos (38.4) | Neg | Pos | < 20 | 40 |
BD14 | No information | August | Pos (39.3) | Neg | Pos | ND | ND |
BD15 | Asympt | August | Pos (36.5) | Neg | Pos | ND | ND |
BD16 | Asympt | August | Pos (36.8) | Neg | Pos | 20 | 40 |
BD19 | Asympt | August | Pos (36.6) | Neg | Pos | 20 | 120 |
BD20 | Asympt | August | Pos (42.1) | Neg | Neg | < 20 | 80 |
BD21 | Asympt | August | Pos (41.7) | Neg | Neg | < 20 | 80 |
BD22 | Asympt | September | Pos (40.0) | Neg | Pos | ND | ND |
BD23 | Asympt | Septenber | Pos (38.6) | Neg | Pos | 40 | 240 |
Asympt: asymptomatic; ND: not done; Neg: negative; NT: Neutralizing antibody titer in first or follow-up serum sample; Pos: positive; USUV: Usutu virus; WNF: West Nile fever; WNND: West Nile neuroinvasive disease; WNV: West Nile virus.
aNucleic acid test performed in plasma samples. Cq values obtained with pools of 19 donations are shown in brackets.
bWNV and USUV PCR performed in plasma, whole blood, serum, urine and/or cerebral spinal fluid.
cSymptoms occurred 1–3 days after blood donation. The donors were viremic but asymptomatic.
dMild symptoms 2 days before blood donation, but asymptomatic at blood donation.
All infections diagnosed up to 24 October 2018 are included.
WNV and USUV PCRs, as well as neutralisation tests, were performed as previously described [5,6,9].