Table 4.

Prescriptive Verbal Cues and Their Immediate Effect on Jump-Landing Technique^a

Study	Cue	Focus of Attention	Result
Cowling et al43 (2003)	“Land with your knee bending”	Internal	Reduced peak GRFs compared with baseline and other condition
	“Turn the muscles at the back of your thigh on earlier and more before landing”	Internal	Increased peak GRF compared with baseline and other condition
Favre et al44 (2016)	“Land softly” and “increase knee flexion angle during landing after the block jump”	External and internal	Increased knee-flexion and -adduction angles
			Reduced knee-flexion and -adduction moments
			Reduced vertical GRFs
Khuu et al36 (2015)	“Reduce contact time”	External	Decreased sagittal-plane hip, knee, and ankle range of motion throughout ground contact time compared with other conditions
			Decreased frontal-plane knee motion compared with other conditions
			Increased vertical GRFs, vertical stiffness compared with other conditions
			Decreased knee-abduction angle compared with other conditions
	“Maximize jump height”	External	No difference between triple-extend cue
	“Triple-extend the hips, knees, and ankles when jumping”	Internal	No difference between cues
Milner et al18 (2012)	“Land softly”	External	Decreased vertical GRFsb
			Increased peak knee-flexion anglec
	“Knees over toes”	Internal	Increased peak knee-flexion angle
	“Equal weight distribution on both your feet”	Internal	Decreased vertical GRFs
			Increased peak knee-flexion anglec
Wernli et al42 (2016)	“Land quieter”	External	Increased ankle and knee excursion compared with baseline
	“Land louder”	External	Decreased ankle excursion and increased hip excursion

Abbreviation: GRF, ground reaction force.

^aIncludes those studies that only used prescriptive verbal information.

^bGreater than “knees over toes” and “equal weight distribution on both your feet.”

^cGreater than “knees over toes.”