Table 1.
Sample Characteristics of NHIS 2014 and 2016 Combined
| E-cigarette use | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Never, % (n) | Former, % (n) | Some days, % (n) | Daily, % (n) | p-value |
| n | 60,100 | 7,093 | 1,483 | 776 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 3.9 (2,309) | 3.2 (225) | 4.1 (61) | 6.1 (47) | 0.015 |
| Cigarette smoking | <0.001 | ||||
| Never | 66.0 (39,649) | 19.9 (1,413) | 9.2 (136) | 5.3 (41) | |
| Former | 23.9 (14,358) | 21.0 (1,486) | 12.4 (184) | 51.5 (399) | |
| Some days | 2.6 (1,581) | 11.5 (816) | 17.5 (260) | 11.1 (86) | |
| Daily | 7.4 (4,437) | 47.6 (3,370) | 60.9 (902) | 32.1 (249) | |
| Health status | |||||
| Hypertension | 35.6 (21,387) | 26.6 (1,887) | 28.7 (426) | 33.4 (259) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11.1 (6,642) | 6.8 (485) | 8.3 (123) | 9.2 (71) | <0.001 |
| High cholesterol | 31.1 (18,655) | 22.8 (1,612) | 23.7 (350) | 31.1 (240) | <0.001 |
| Demographics | |||||
| Woman | 56.1 (33,698) | 48.2 (3,422) | 48.7 (722) | 47.3 (367) | <0.001 |
| Age, year (±SD) | 51.6 (±18.48) | 39.9 (±15.12) | 41.4 (±15.24) | 44.2 (±15.30) | <0.001 |
| BMI (±SD) | 30.39 (±14.40) | 29.29 (±11.95) | 29.31 (±12.48) | 29.68 (±12.54) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| Hispanic | 14.9 (8,935) | 10.0 (709) | 9.4 (139) | 5.5 (43) | |
| White | 65.0 (39,071) | 76.0 (5,387) | 76.7 (1,138) | 83.3 (646) | |
| Black | 13.1 (7,871) | 8.9 (631) | 8.4 (125) | 5.2 (40) | |
| Asian | 5.8 (3,481) | 3.1 (222) | 2.7 (40) | 3.4 (26) | |
| Other | 1.23 (742) | 2.0 (144) | 2.8 (41) | 2.7 (21) | |
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.005). P-values test the null hypothesis that there are no differences across the groups using analysis of variance or chi-square, as appropriate.
NHIS, National Health Interview Survey.