Table 1.

The boundary conditions, contraction parameters and material properties of the simulations performed in this work

Case studies	Conditions	Stress–strain relationship	Velocity of Contraction A and B (cm/s)	Pressure difference ($\mathrm{\nabla }{p}_{}$)/mmHg	Contraction force (dynes)	IAP equivalent-force (dynes)
1	Healthy	Nonlinear	3.5, 1.75	0.5	1200	100
2	Depressed ureteral contraction	Nonlinear	3.5, 3.5	0	450	100